Mercy Otis Warren As A Leader Of The Revolution - 1008 Words

Mercy Otis Warren was one of the few women to give public voice to her political sentiments. Mercy was the sister of James Otis, a leader of the Revolution. She wrote several satirical plays and corresponded with many prominent figures in colonial society, including Samuel Adams, George Washington, Thomas Jefferson, Elbridge Gerry and Alexander Hamilton. She maintained an especially close contact with Jordan and Abigail Adams. She structured her political comments within plays, none of which she preformed on stage because Mercy has specifically written them for publication in the newspapers. Through her plays Mercy revealed her contempt for the Tory Administration in Boston and her passion for Whig ideology. â€Å"Mercy believed that a women’s primary focus should be her family, but asserted that it was important for women to be aware of politics in order to better serve their families.† (Volo, 2003) Warren was among the women who chose to publish their views. Women wer e active ad printers and publishers during the war. Women who feared criticism for meddling too directly in politics published their poems and letters into the newspaper anonymously. In 1772, Warren published anonymously her â€Å"biting satire of Royal Governor Thomas Hutchinson, The Adulator. First appearing in two installments in the Massachusetts Spy, the play ended with a warning that the people might take up arms.† (Gundersen,1996) She wrote two more plays on political themes by 1774 and pamphlets, all appearingShow MoreRelatedMercy Otis Warren: A Brief Biography991 Words   |  4 PagesMercy accomplished lots of things that women did not even know could exist in her time. Mercy Otis Warren was a writer a poet, historian, dramatist, a patriot propagandist, play writer and a satirist in the eighteenth century. She was born in west Barnstable, Massachusetts in the United States of America which is named Cape Cod on September 14th, 1728. And died in her hometown on Octobe r 19, 1814. She was one of the first women to write about the war in the American Revolution. She spoke up and foughtRead MoreJames Madison on the Constitution and the Bill of Rights Essay1010 Words   |  5 Pagesopponents of this new constitution was Mercy Otis Warren. She was an extremely well educated woman and a member of a family of distinguished revolutionary leaders (Warren 160). She wrote about her thoughts and the problems that she saw with the new constitution 10 years after the Constitutional Convention took place. She believed federalists such as James Madison were actually turning the country into the same exact state it was in before the American Revolution. Warren compared Madison’s idea of a republicRead MoreAnalysis Of Eve Kornfeld s Creating An American Culture 1775-1800995 Words   |  4 Pagessides as to what the American Revolution was about so, â€Å"If they wished to preserve their image unsullied by European incursions, Americans would have to deve lop their own narratives of nationhood† (Kornfeld, 40). This brought a movement of amateur writers creating historical documents about their local history tendentiously because they were writing about the places they cherished and called home. This can even be seen in some non-amateur scholars such as Mercy Otis Warren, who in her documents aboutRead MoreIdeology Behind American Revolution Essays1890 Words   |  8 PagesThe American Revolution was predicated by a number of ideas and events that, combined, led to a political and social separation of colonial possessions from the home nation and a coalescing of those former individual colonies into an independent nation. Summary The American revolutionary era began in 1763, after a series of victories by British forces at the conclusion of the French and Indian War (also, Seven Years War) ended the French military threat to British North American colonies. AdoptingRead MoreHow Effective Were The Sons Of Liberty?. The Sons Of Liberty1228 Words   |  5 PagesHoneymoon cottage that was a one story with an attic. James Otis Jr. was born February 5, 1725 in West Barnstable, Massachusetts. He was the second child of thirteen children and he was the first to survive infancy. James sister Mercy Otis Warren, his brother Joseph otis and his younger brother Samuel Allyne Otis. His sister, brother, and younger brother became leaders of the American Revolution, same with his nephew Harrison Gray Otis. In 1755, he married â€Å"the beautiful Ruth Cunningham†. They hadRead MoreSimilarities Between The Federalists And Federalist791 Words   |  4 Pagesthe Constitution. Instead, they wanted the state governments to keep the power. The Federalists disagreed because they wanted a government that was stronger on the national level and that had the Constitution to manage tensions and debts from the Revolution. They both differed in many ways, but one way that they were similar was because they had an impact on the way the Constitution was written. Federalists lived mostly in cities and not only supported but originally came up with the ConstitutionRead MoreThe Rartifiation of the Us Constitution1046 Words   |  5 Pagesin negotiation, and anti-federalists were individuals who wanted a weaker central government. George Washington and the federalists argued that a stronger central government would accommodate everyone including farmers and merchants. Meanwhile, the leader of the anti-Federalists, Patrick Henry, reasoned that the development of this constitution may threaten the rights of people in the states. While the federalists and anti-federalists were arguing over how much power the government should hold, theyRead MoreThe Generation Of The United States4076 Words   |  17 Pagesstate and federal sovereignty. In addition, to fight in the revolution and win against Britain’s best army and navy, the U.S. had to carve its own path with unprecedented steps. Dues to the challenges the republic faced and overcame, the founding of the United States is truly phenomenal in Ellis’s eyes. 2) When Ellis writes about the need to see farsighted when looking at the founding of our country, he is referring to the political leaders in the revolutionary generation who saw the advantages andRead MoreApush Chapter 7 Outline Essay4627 Words   |  19 Pagesand deviant behavior. 6. Washington Irving, a resident of New York State who won wide acclaim for his satirical histories of early American life and his powerful fables of society in the New World. 7. Mercy Otis Warren continued her literary efforts with a three volume History of the Revolution, published in 1805 and emphasizing the heroism of the American struggle. 8. Mason Weems’ Life of Washington portrayed the aristocratic former president as homespun man possessing simple republican virtuesRead MoreManagement Course: Mba−10 General Management215330 Words   |  862 PagesFourth Edition I. Management 17 17 2. The Evolution of Management Thought Hughes−Ginnett−Curphy †¢ Leadership, Fifth Edition I. Leadership is a Process, Not a Position 51 51 70 1. Leadership is Everyone’s Business 2. Interaction between the Leader, the Followers the Situation Cohen †¢ Effective Behavior in Organizations, Seventh Edition 11. Leadership: Exerting Influence and Power 94 94 Text Palmer−Dunford−Akin †¢ Managing Organizational Change 2. Images of Managing Change 121 121

Predicting Performance Free Essays

Mix between current method and intelligence test. Evaluate Alternatives: 1. Intelligence tests. We will write a custom essay sample on Predicting Performance or any similar topic only for you Order Now If Intelligence tests are used by corporations to screen Job applicants, colleges could use the same methodology. Also this will give a future opportunity for the students after graduation, to be familiar with this kind of test. Also corporations looking new employees will be confident that the graduated students have already passed the intelligence test, so they can give priority for students graduated from New England College. In addition the New England College, based on this alternative, could do agreement with potential recruiters, to give priority for student graduated from the college as they can ensure their Intelligence level. This will give an advantage to overcome any possibility of discrimination and to be more fair for poor and minorities, as it will be based on real evaluation for intelligence level for students. 2. Keep existing selection criteria. As Alex has no prior experience in college admissions, and in the same time she didn’t eave enough time to collect all data and verify It by real study. All her reservations about using SAT scores based on concerns, the only evidence Is that coaching improves the SAT score. So keeping the current selection criteria will overcome the risk of failure in case of any change in the process of selection, also as the people who design the SAT argue forcefully that these test scores are valid predictors of how well a person will do in college. But Alex could gain time during keeping the current selection process to collect and analysis data before thinking about other alternative o challenge this argue. . MIX between current method and Intelligence test. As SAT Is only three sections Mathematics, Critical Reading, and Writing. It Is preferable also to measure the intelligence of the students. For this it’s required to redistribute the scoring as per the below. High school grades (20 %); Scholastic Aptitude Test (SAT) scores (30 %); Intelligence tests scores (30 %); Extra-curricular activities and achievements (10 %); And the quality a nd creativity of a written theme submitted with the application This alternative will make the selection criteria based on measuring the mathematics; critical reading and writing in addition to the proper intelligence level, and avoid discrimination for poor and minorities. Taking into account the students character and their ability to manage activities and have achievement, and their ability to express their writing capabilities and creativity. Also this alternative will have the advantages of first alternative. Recommendations: To use the third alternative by having mix between current methods and intelligence test. How to cite Predicting Performance, Papers

Emperor Claudius Essay Example For Students

Emperor Claudius Essay Tiberius Claudius Nero Germanicus (b. 10 BC, d. 54 A. D. ; emperor, 41-54 A. D. ) was the third emperor of the Julio-Claudian dynasty. His reign represents a turning point in the history of the Principate for a number of reasons, not the least for the manner of his accession and the implications it carried for the nature of the office. During his reign he promoted administrators who did not belong to the senatorial or equestrian classes, and was later vilified by authors who did. He followed Caesar in carrying Roman arms across the English Channel into Britain but, unlike his predecessor, he initiated the full-scale annexation of Britain as a province, which remains today the most closely studied corner of the Roman Empire. His relationships with his wives and children provide detailed insights into the perennial difficulties of the succession problem faced by all Roman Emperors. His final settlement in this regard was not lucky: he adopted his fourth wifes son, who was to reign catastrophically as Nero and bring the dynasty to an end. Claudiuss reign, therefore, was a mixture of successes and failures that leads into the last phase of the Julio-Claudian line. Early Life (10 BC 41 A. D. ) Claudius was born on 1 August 10 BC at Lugdunum in Gaul, into the heart of the Julio-Claudian dynasty: he was the son of Drusus Claudius Nero, the son of Augustuss wife Livia, and Antonia, the daughter of Mark Antony. His uncle, Tiberius, went on to become emperor in AD 14 and his brother Germanicus was marked out for succession to the purple when, in AD 4, he was adopted by Tiberius. It might be expected that Claudius, as a well-connected imperial prince, would have enjoyed the active public life customary for young men of his standing but this was not the case. In an age that despised weakness, Claudius was unfortunate enough to have been born with defects. He limped, he drooled, he stuttered and was constantly ill. His family members mistook these physical debilities as reflective of mental infirmity and generally kept him out of the public eye as an embarrassment. A sign of this familial disdain is that he remained under guardianship, like a woman, even after he had reached the age of majority. Suetonius, in particular, preserves comments of Antonia, his mother, and Livia, his grandmother, which are particularly cruel in their assessment of the boy. From the same source, however, it emerges that Augustus suspected that there was more to this idiot than met the eye. Nevertheless, Claudius spent his entire childhood and youth in almost complete seclusion. The normal tasks of an imperial prince came and went without official notice, and Claudius received no summons to public office or orders to command troops on the frontiers How he spent the voluminous free time of his youth is revealed by his later character: he read voraciously. He became a scholar of considerable ability and composed works on all subjects in the liberal arts, especially history; he was the last person known of who could read Etruscan. These skills, and the knowledge of governmental institutions he acquired from studying history, were to stand him in good stead when he came to power. His father died on campaign when Claudius was only one year old, and his brother, Germanicus, succumbed under suspicious circumstances in AD 19. His only other sibling to reach adulthood, Livilla, became involved with Sejanus and fell from grace in AD 31. Through all this turmoil Claudius survived, primarily through being ignored as an embarrassment and an idiot. Claudiuss fortunes changed somewhat when his unstable nephew, Gaius (Caligula), came to power in the spring of 37 A. D. Gaius, it seems, liked to use his bookish, frail uncle as the butt of cruel jokes and, in keeping with this pattern of behavior, promoted him to a consulship on 1 July 37 A. D. At 46 years of age, it was Claudiuss first public office. Despite this sortie into public life, he seemed destined for a relatively quiet and secluded dotage when, in January 41, events overtook him. The Early Years: Britain, Freedmen, and Messalina (AD 41 48) Among Claudiuss first acts was the apprehension and execution of Gaiuss assassins. Whatever his opinion of their actions, politics required that Claudius not be seen to condone men who murdered an emperor and a member of his own family. ] He also displayed immediate understanding of the centrality of the military to his position and sought to create a military image for himself that his prior sheltered existence had denied him. Preparations got under way soon after his accession for a major military expedition into Britain, perhaps sparked by an attempted revolt of the governor of Dalmatia, L. Arruntius Camillus Scribonianus, in 42 A. D. The invasion itself, spearheaded by four legions, commenced in the summer of 43 and was to last for decades, ultimately falling short of the annexation of the whole island (if indeed that was Claudiuss final objective at the outset). This move marked the first major addition to the territory of the Roman Empire since the reign of Augustus. The Novel ' The Kite Runner ' EssayAll of these are sure signs of preference in the ever-unstable imperial succession schemes. No matter what the reasons were, there can be little doubt that Nero, despite his tender age, had been clearly marked out as Claudiuss successor. Agrippina, according to Tacitus, now decided it was time to dispose of Claudius to allow Nero to take over. The ancient accounts are confused as is habitual in the cases of hidden and dubious deaths of emperors but their general drift is that Claudius was poisoned with a treated mushroom, that he lingered a while and had to be poisoned a second time before dying on 13 October 54 A. D. At noon that same day, the sixteen-year-old Nero was acclaimed emperor in a carefully orchestrated piece of political theater. Already familiar to the army and the public, he faced no serious challenges to his authority. Claudius and the Empire The invasion and annexation of Britain was by far the most important and significant event in Claudiuss reign. But several other issues deserve attention: his relationship with and treatment of the aristocracy, his management of the provinces and their inhabitants, and his judicial practices, and his building activities. Claudiuss relationship with the Senate did not get off to a good start given the nature of his succession and it seems likely that distrust of the aristocracy is what impelled Claudius to elevate the role of his freedmen. During his reign, however, Claudius made efforts to conciliate Romes leading council, but he also embarked on practices that redounded to his detriment, especially those of sponsoring the entrance men considered unworthy into the Order and hearing delicate cases behind closed doors (in camera). 5 senators and several hundred Knights were driven to suicide or executed during the reign. The vilification of Claudius in the aristocratic tradition also bespeaks a deep bitterness and indicates that, ultimately, Claudiuss relationship with the Senate showed little improvement over time. His reviving and holding the censorship in 47-48 is typical of the way the relationship between Senate and emperor misfired: Claudius, no doubt, thought he was adhering to ancient tradition, but the emperor-censor only succeeded in eliciting odium from those he was assessing. Claudius was remembered (negatively) by tradition as being noticeably profligate in dispensing grants of Roman citizenship to provincials; he also admitted Gauls into the senatorial order, to the displeasure of the snobbish incumbents. Both of these practices demonstrate his concern for fair play and good government for the provinces, despite his largely inactive reign: In the organization of the provinces, Claudius appears to have preferred direct administration over client kingship. Under him the kingdoms of Mauretania, Lycia, Noricum, and Thrace were converted into provinces. Stable kingdoms, such as Bosporus and Cilicia, were left untouched. One feature of Claudiuss reign that the sources particularly criticize is his handling of judicial matters. While he was certainly diligent in attending to hearings and court proceedings he was constantly present in court and heard cases even during family celebrations and festal days the sources accuse him of interfering unduly with cases, of not listening to both sides of a case, of making ridiculous and/or savage rulings, and of hearing delicate cases in closed-door private sessions with only his advisors present. Finally, there are Claudiuss building activities. Public building was essential for Roman emperors, and ancient accounts of individual reigns routinely include mention of imperial munificence. Matters hydraulic account for Claudiuss greatest constructional achievements, in the form of a new aqueduct for the city of Rome, a new port at Portus near Ostia, and the draining of the Fucine Lake. The sources are at pains to highlight the almost catastrophic outcome of the latter project, but its scale cannot be denied. Suetoniuss assessment that his public works were grandiose and necessary rather than numerous is entirely correct. Conclusion In addition to his scholarly and cautious nature, he had a cruel streak, as suggested by his addiction to gladiatorial games and his fondness for watching his defeated opponents executed. He conducted closed-door trials of leading citizens that frequently resulted in their ruin or deaths an unprecedented and tyrannical pattern of behavior. He had his wife Messalina executed, and he personally presided over a court in the Praetorian Camp in which many of her hangers-on lost their lives. He abandoned his own son Britannicus to his fate and favored the advancement of Nero as his successor. At the same time, his reign was marked by some notable successes: the invasion of Britain, stability and good government in the provinces, and successful management of client kingdoms. Claudius, then, is a more enigmatic figure than the other Julio-Claudian emperors: at once careful, intelligent, aware and respectful of tradition, but given to bouts of rage and cruelty, willing to sacrifice precedent to expediency, and utterly ruthless in his treatment of those who crossed him. Augustuss suspicion that there was more to the timid Claudius than met the eye was more than fully borne out by the events of his unexpected reign.

X-BOX Essay Example

X-BOX Essay Xbox owned and designed by Microsoft Corporation is their first endeavor in the gaming industry. It was seen that there was a lot of potential in the video game market therefore Microsoft wanted to enter this part of the industry, also because they wanted to diversify their portfolio as there concentration was mainly on software’s alone. They wanted to come up with a game console design that was superior to all other competitors in the market. At the time of the launch of Xbox there were already tough competitors existing in the market and the intensity of the rivalry was very high there fore the company had to dedicate large sums of money, time and effort in order to launch this new innovation in the gaming industry.There were other substitutes available to the gaming industry such as PC’s and other games. Since the market was doing well there was a risk of other potential entrants into the market. However among the gaming experts that were already established in the m arket were Sony that was leading the market with its expensive playstation2 (PS2) followed by the reasonably priced family entertainment, Nintendo’s game cube. Xbox was launched in 2001 in North America first, followed by Japan, Europe and Australia. Before the launch of the product itself the company spent extensive team on the research and analysis of the Xbox in order to understand their target market in a better way. Moreover the customers were at a better bargaining state as they choose their console based on the game proposal as they had information about the market.There were many challenges that the company had to face before the launch in Canada. Mugford was responsible for the marketing of Xbox in Canada.The industry trend in the gaming industry was that they took the marketing support from the third party publishers or the console manufactures. But in Canada there was not too many resources available related to this compared to US. Unlike the United States Canada p rovided only 30% of the advertisements through third party publishers and Microsoft had to work them selves in order to promote Xbox and they wanted to maximize consumer purchases and for that they needed an effective promotional campaign. Third party console publishers would prefer to work with successful game developers.Secondly Mugford had to establish relationships with the promotional partners that would have supported and helped in the building the brand, however it was Mugford’s challenge to see that none of the partnerships in the Canadian market clash with the one in US.Advertising expense was high in Canada relative to the United States. The company had a budget of Cdn$12million for the marketing of the brand.   From this amount there were $6.965 million that were assigned for the advertising for Xbox. However there were a lot of challenges that the Xbox Canada had to face during the advertising of their brand. At the time of Xbox’s launch in Canada Sony ha d already allocated a huge amount for the advertising, more than Xbox because they had a larger install base. Xbox wanted to reach global markets therefore they adopted the traditional approach of advertising in order to market their brand.Given the budget constraints Mugford had to market the brand. He wanted to use the US based advertising in Canada too in order to reach the target market, which is why he bought MTV media awards which are supposed to be the biggest media event of Canada.Mugford had to play the ad for Xbox within three weeks of launch. There was less time and too many restrictions on making this ad. However Mugford hired an ad agency which was given the responsibility of making the ad.After the analysis it was seen that the gaming experts used the internet for the information about the games. But Mugford didn’t have resources to launch the Xbox Canadian website, he eventually made one but the site didn’t have Canadian content.The Canadian retailers pr eferred having a direct contact with Taylor for distribution purposes rather than the new sales associates. However he was worried because Xbox Canada didn’t have enough resources to set up a direct distribution channel at that point in time.Another challenge that Taylor who was responsible for the distribution of the consoles had to distribute the consoles to the 700 retailers in Canada n that too at a short period of time. Not that the distribution was a problem there were other problems that were associated to it. The products that were distributed in Canada to the entire major retailers they had to fulfill other requirements too which were such as packaging requirements that included French language in order to cater to the French population in Canada. This increased the cost relative to the US market. Taylor hired three distributors to undertake this task.Taylor had to improve relationships with the retailers in the mean time as well as the game developers. At the launch Microsoft had limited consoles available for sale. But they had to convince the retailers and the gaming experts that their product will give them quality unlike the Sega claim at that time about its promises that eventually failed.Xbox was priced higher than the Sony and Nintendo. This initially did have an impact on the sales as it didn’t make Xbox the leader in the market. However later the prices were reduced in order to boost the sales for the brand.The public relations planning were another challenge faced by Microsoft. It was becoming difficult to launch the video games on time and meet the dates and thus plans things accordinglyXbox was a new brand in the market. The company wanted to reinforce the brands image of Xbox .there was various ways the company could do this. They took part in major media events. They wanted to promote the different games of Xbox .they wanted to increase the market share of Xbox. The company had clear marketing objectives. They wanted to im prove the relations with the retailers and game developers; this was done spending a major portion of their budget on the advertising of the brand. They had a limited budget allocated by Microsoft and they had to plan their strategy according to that.They had a planned marketing mix which comprised of the 4p’s of product, price, place and promotion. They wanted to maintain the price o $299 Canadian dollar. This included many things such as increasing the shelf space for Xbox, sponsoring various events, and a commission system for the sales team to increase the sales and the workers motivation.They had a proper research plan that was focused on getting to know the target market. This would have made it easier to promote the product and the brand. They came to know the different kinds of customers who are going to buy the product, the gaming experts were the actual people the company wanted to buy the product.They organized a developer tour in which they promoted four of the Xb ox’s games .at the launch time the product was supplied to all the stores across the country. Moreover in order to reach his target market .he even derived his marketing campaign in the 80% universities of Canada. He even used print media to inform the students about Xbox.A very attractive part of the marketing was an Xbox bus that was suppose to drive all over Canada. This was an ideal way to target the customers that Xbox wanted to. The bus had all types of Xbox games and equipment. It brought excitement among customers. It was to encourage people to buy video games console. Mugford’s public relations efforts were to strengthen the brand. Those people were hired who were enthusiastic and knew about the work.Microsoft had to come across various distribution challenges in all this process. When Microsoft realized that the price they are charging is not giving value to the customers, which are what the customers perceived about the brand. They started to work on that. I t lowered its price and came second in the market.The Xbox strategy was focused and clear. Microsoft was clear about their target and based on that they were making their financial and marketing strategies. The promotional campaign, the launch and the distribution was all based on that. They hired the right kind of people who would do the work such as Mugford and Taylor who gelled well with the entire plan. The launch was planned and implemented across Canada.The market in year2/year3 situation is changing. In year 2 there was a positive growth rate of Xbox in the market. Xbox became the next generation console .the market share fr the Xbox reached a 24%.there was a growth of the sales as compared to the previous year of 48%.by this time the next generation video game system came second in the united states, across Canada and Europe and was doing very well. December was the year when the company made the highest sales. In Canada it was selling at a very fast rate. The sale was incre asing.They had a different plan for year 2 marketing. They wanted to reach the customers and gain long term success and commitment from the customers. The public relations and journalists were responsible for to promoting the gaming industry by writing about it.   Consumers were interested in the gaming industry there was an upward trend on the sales of such game consoles at this time of the year. The advertising cost in Canada was high as compared to the United States.However in the year 2002 it was still continuously showing a positive growth in the market. During the start of 2002 Sony was dominating the market with the market of 43% while Nintendo had taken the second place with a 30% there was a growing popularity and the sales of the console increased 6%, the demand for the play station 2 fell by 36% in the same year. Nintendo’s game cube fell by 22% but by this time Xbox had already captured around 27% of the gaming industry’s share. There was also an increase in the hardware demand of the Xbox as compared to the other competitor’s brand of Sony and Nintendo their market share fell by 58% in the same period. With the growing success of the Xbox Microsoft had plans to launch it at other places too such as Korea, Austria m Denmark, Finland and Switzerland. Microsoft had 50 action packed Xbox game which was part of the popular Xbox live. This many number of games online were more than many competitors.Mugford was concerned that the brand did not come on the second position however the amount of success and sales the brand got considering the amount of finance and resources that was available to him it was good enough and they were confident that very soon the brand is going to grow big in the future and the sales will increase. But Microsoft had to work on this in order to maintain this position because Sony was also doing well and they during the next holiday season and that would give a tough competition.Microsoft was assigned a bu dget for the implementation of the plan. the amount of finance available is very important because all your marketing decisions which include planning for the advertising, promotions, sales , launch , paying the workers, the production and distribution is based on that The working strategy, everything is interconnected. The more finance one has then you can choose to spend on them. As is the case here the marketing budget is restricted for Xbox.Therefore the advertising plans and promotions are based on the amount of budget. Based on the finance there are various advertising and branding techniques are implemented such as print media and other means of promotion such as Xbox bus and the event marketing. There are events on campus that Microsoft sponsors such as sporting events of football , hockey and basketball, music bands and performance of bands. Mugford was given cdn$12 million for the launch of Xbox in Canada. and then it was based on this overall marketing expenditure that Mu gford decided to allocate a share of Cdn$6.965 for the advertising .the advertising cost in Canada was more as compared to the united states and this was a challenge for Mugford such things tend to have an impact on the over all strategy for the business and the product.When he wanted to create a Canadian website he didn’t have the resources to do this.   Your financial implications also tend to have an effect on the kind of workers you are going to hire. When you don’t have enough finance to pay and hire truly enthusiastic people in your team then your product will not do well. The retailers wanted a direct relationship with Taylor which was not possible because he didn’t have enough resources to create a direct communication channel. Moreover the company had to bear the cost of packaging and labeling more because in Canada the packaging also required everything to be written in French and that of course added to the cost. Taylor hired extra sales representat ives in his team because he wanted qualified team of workers to help him with the sales. The financial implications tend to affect the goals of the brand.

What Does a Home Health Aide Do

What Does a Home Health Aide Do If you’re looking for a highly sought after, exceptionally stable job in the growing field of healthcare, you’ve come to the right place: home health aides are poised for remarkable success in the years ahead. Not sure whether a career as a home health aide is right for you? Read on to learn everything you need to know about this important job. The 411 on Home Health AidesHome health aides offer a variety of assistance to people with special needs, including those who are cognitively impaired, chronically ill, or disabled. They also care for seniors in need of assistance. Depending on the particular job, the responsibilities of home health aides include everything from helping clients with personal hygiene tasks and checking vital signs to shopping, light housekeeping, and arranging for transportation. Home health aides also offer another vital service to the people for whom they care: companionship.Unlike personal care aides who may be directly employed by their client s, home health aides usually work for agencies. With specialized training, home health aides may also provide simple medical care, such as administering medication and working with ventilators, although these functions must be performed under the direct supervision of a registered nurse or other trained healthcare professional.Home health aides also play a vital role in the continuum of care. Not only do they track the condition and progress of their clients, but they are also tasked with reporting any changes to a client’s physical, mental or emotional state. This can help ensure that they receive the treatment they need as it arises.Why Become a Home Health Aide?With a projected growth rate of 48 percent between 2012 and 2022, home health aide positions offer unprecedented job security with a minimal investment of time and training. In fact, there are no formal education requirements to work in this field, although some employers - typically certified home health and hospi ce agencies - do require that employees undergo formal training and are certified by the National Association for Home Care Hospice.While you may not need a college degree, some other attributes are particularly important when it comes to working as a home health aide. These healthcare workers are detail oriented, skilled at time management, and have strong people skills. They should also be comfortable with performing physical tasks, as clients who are disabled may need to be lifted or turned.And while the current salary for a home health aide is relatively low at $20,820 a year, as demand continues to skyrocket due to the aging â€Å"Baby Boomer† population and their increasing preference for â€Å"aging in place,† so is the potential that salaries will rise in relationship to demand.Coming in behind industrial-organized psychologists (53 percent growth) and personal care aides (49 percent growth), home health aides claim the third spot on the U.S. Department of La bor’s list of the â€Å"10 Fastest Growing Jobs.† For many people, the combination of job security and the chance to make a difference in the lives of others adds up to a career that doesn’t just offer financial stability, but also professional fulfillment.

Why You Shouldnt Mix Bleach With Ammonia

Why You Shouldn't Mix Bleach With Ammonia The chemical reactions involved in mixing bleach and ammonia produce extremely dangerous toxic vapors. Thus, its important to understand some first aid advice in case youre accidentally exposed to a bleach and ammonia mixture. Noxious Fumes and Poisonous Reactions The primary toxic chemical formed by this reaction is chloramine vapor, which has the potential to form hydrazine. Chloramines are a group of related compounds well-known to be respiratory irritants. In addition to respiratory irritation, hydrazine can also cause edema, headache, nausea, and seizures. Mixing bleach and ammonia also produces chlorine gas, which has been used as a chemical weapon. Two common ways to accidentally mix these chemicals include: Mixing cleaning products (generally a bad idea)Using chlorine bleach to disinfect water that contains organic matter (i.e., pond water) Chemicals Produced Note that each of these chemicals but water and salt is toxic: NH3 ammoniaHCl hydrochloric acidNaOCl sodium hypochlorite (bleach)Cl chlorineCl2 chlorine gasNH2Cl chloramineN2H4 hydrazineNaCl sodium chloride or saltH2O water Likely Chemical Reactions Bleach decomposes to form hydrochloric acid, which reacts with ammonia to form toxic chloramine fumes. First, hydrochloric acid forms. NaOCl → NaOH HOCl HOCl → HCl O Next, the ammonia and chlorine gas react to form chloramine, which is released as a vapor. NaOCl 2HCl → Cl2 NaCl H2O 2NH3 Cl2 → 2NH2Cl If ammonia is present in excess (which it may or may not be, depending on your mixture), toxic and potentially explosive liquid hydrazine may form. While impure hydrazine tends not to explode, it does have the potential to boil and spray hot, chemically toxic liquid. 2NH3 NaOCl → N2H4 NaCl H2O First Aid When Exposed If you become exposed to fumes from mixing bleach and ammonia, immediately remove yourself from the area to fresh air and seek emergency medical attention. While the vapors may attack your eyes and mucous membranes, the biggest threat derives from inhaling the gases. Get away from the site where the chemicals were mixed. You cant call for help if you are overwhelmed by the fumes.Call 911 for emergency help. If you feel that 911 is unwarranted, call Poison Control at 1-800-222-1222 for advice on handling the effects of exposure and chemical cleanup.If you find someone unconscious who you believe is suffering from inhalation of bleach/ammonia compound, try to remove the person to fresh air, preferably outdoors. Call 911 for emergency assistance. Do not hang up until instructed to do so.Seek proper cleanup and disposal instructions from Poison Control. Such a mistake is most likely to be made in a bathroom or kitchen, so thoroughly ventilate the area before returning to dispose of the compound and start cleanup.

Critically assess the usefulness of Gabriel Almond's political Essay

Critically assess the usefulness of Gabriel Almond's political cultural approach in his 1956 article Comparative Political Syste - Essay Example Various regimes in Europe have experienced such political unrest due to conflicts among the nations’ different leaders, giving rise to political instability and eventual economic breakdown, which include France’s Third and Fourth Republic, Germany’s Weimar Republic, and Italy’s Post-World War II government. The rise and fall of such regimes in these countries can be explained through two lines of thought: one is Gabriel Almond’s comparative political systems which differentiate the various kinds of governance in countries according to how the country is run by the government; and another is Giovanni Sartori’s theory of polarised plural systems, which points out the importance of political parties needing to work together and not strongly-opposing one another. By combining these two concepts, it will better explain why political instability plays a major role in governance, both in the past such as in France’s Third and Fourth Republic and Germany’s Weimar Republic, as well as the persistence of this issue in Italian governance for a much longer time. Comparative Political Systems by Gabriel Almond Gabriel Almond published a classification system which compares various kinds of political systems, how each one governs the nation, as well as stating where such kinds of governance are mostly found. ... ssible that the kind of governance in each country may depend on their internal resources, customs and ideologies, and other factors that may or may not align with the definitions of the extant classification systems (Almond, 1956). Thus Almond proposes other kinds of political systems which are much more defined by the culture where each one is based on: Anglo-American political systems, usually composed of a uniform and secular group of people; Pre-industrial political systems, wherein there is a mixture of political systems due to the proliferation of traditional ideas and culture amidst modernist views; Totalitarian political systems in which leadership is centralised and there is actually no need for an overall consensus due to the dominance of only one party or one leader; and the Continental European political systems, wherein the lack of a unified political culture is due to the persistence of various cultures, both new and old and their wide gaps in terms of growth, developm ent and acceptance among the leaders, various parties, and among the citizens. According to Almond, France, Germany and Italy belong to the Continental European political systems due to high variations between the ruling parties and of differing views within the leadership system (Almond, 1956, p. 406). In explaining the political instability in France during the Third and Fourth Republic, of Germany during the Weimar Republic and of Italy after World War II, their respective politics are included in the Continental European political systems because of the various subcultures that exist within each country that causes disunity within the leadership itself. In the case of France, in both the Third and Fourth Republic issues such as the distrust between the leftists and the rightists were

Strategic management in Delta Airlines Case Study

Strategic management in Delta Airlines - Case Study Example Aviation industry is regarded highly competitive, requiring technical expertise and safety measures to be adopted.But the core competency that make two similar airlines differentiate are dependent on the role played by customers, people and employees irrespective of machinery and tangible assets. The implications generated through a slight deviation in not meeting the potential needs of general stakeholders could be pervasive, influencing the culture of an organization, its structure and strategies encompassing operational procedures (Appelbaum, & Fewster, 2004). At present Delta Airlines is adept at serving one sixty million clients per annum, offering travel to near three fifty destinations across seventy countries (Delta, 2011). Strategy is being driven in the US aviation sector by two factors that emerged right after the deregulation took place in 1978. One is the worldwide safety concern and the other being the increased perceptions of clients in relation to the services offered by the company. Studies carried out by researchers have revealed that poor service acquisition and accidents in aviation are not always linked to the technical faults yet sometimes there are human factors involved. â€Å"Sub-optimization† or lack of proper management practices with regard to decision making, communication, employee motivation could bring in a rapid turnover in client share, market position, loss of tangible assets possessed by the firm, and in more severe circumstances this could lead to â€Å"loss of life†. ... r mettle in terms of devising the most appropriate strategy for their respective firm that could offer competitive advantage, developing a core competency for the organization. Also the significance of formulating well structured corporate strategies has often been neglected. The conventional nature of strategic management has been perceived as handling employee disputes within the firm and to supervise some of the administrative tasks but with the passage of time HRM has gained the reputation as a phenomenon that affects the overall strategic framework of a company, simultaneously strategic managers also tried to adapt to the changing work environment with the primary thrust being properly implementing well planned initiatives (Swiercz, & Spencer, 1992). In April 1994, Delta Airlines tried to amend its current strategic demeanor by launching â€Å"Leadership 7.5† a programme that benefited the company in terms of gaining excessive profits by curtailing company’s expend iture in comparison to the competition prevalent in the industry. It so happened that emerging company by the name of â€Å"Southwestern Airlines† managed to maintain a firm market share by initiating low cost strategies, that were favored by target customers as they were being offered cheap fare rates by the company. That resulted in a rapid turnover since 1990 in prior established firms including Delta Airlines. For organizations to survive in a globally competitive environment, all key players have to redefine their market strategies with the alternating market situation. The aim is to get the maximum benefit with limited monetary spending Although Delta Airlines excelled in offering full service package to the travelers yet half-filled flights forged it to develop a corporate strategy with the main

Translation Theory Revision Essay Example for Free

Translation Theory Revision Essay Translation – The process of translation between two different languages involves the translator changing an original text (the source text – ST) in the original verbal languages (the source languages – SL) in a different verbal language (the target language – TL) S. Bassnet def: Translation is rendering of a SL text into the TL so as to ensure that: 1) the surface meaning of the two will be approximately similar, and 2) the structures of the SL will e preserved as closely as possible but not so closely that the TL structures will be seriously distorted. Susan Basset: Telling the same things in a different language in a way that sounds natural, getting the point across. Translation types: Semiotic classification: Intralingual – an interpretation of verbal signs by means of other signs of the same language Interlingual – an interpretation of verbal signs by means of some other language Intersemiotic – an interpretation of verbal signs by means of signs of non-verbal sign systems. Binary classifications: Free translation translator replaces a social, or cultural, reality in the source text with a corresponding reality in the target text Literal rendering of text from one language to another word-for-word. Overt – is a TT that does not mean to be an original. The individual text function cannot be tha same for TT and ST since the cultures are different. Covert – ST is not linked to the ST culture or audience; both ST and TT address their respective receivers directly. Domestication vs foreigization: translation methods that move the writer toward [the reader], i.e. , fluency, and those that move the reader toward [the author] (domestication) , i. e. , an extreme fidelity to the foreignness of the source text (foreignization). Documentary (preserve the original exoticizing setting) vs instrumental (adaptation of the setting to the target culture) Text Type Theory: Katharina Reiss. Determine, what kind of text you are dealing with: †¢ Informative – plain facts (newspaper article) †¢ Expressive – creative composition (poetry) †¢ Operative – including behavioural responses (ads) †¢ Multi/audio-medial (films or visual/oral ads). Equivalence: Dynamic equivalence (also known as functional equivalence) attempts to convey the thought expressed in a source text (if necessary, at the expense of literalness, original word order, the source texts grammatical voice, etc. ), while formal equivalence attempts to render the text word-for-word (if necessary, at the expense of natural expression in the target language). J. C. Catford †¢ A formal correspondent – any TL category which van be said to occupy the ‘same’ place in SL †¢ A textual equivalent – any TL text or part of text that van be said to be the equivalent of the ST Descriptive Translation Studies (DTS) †¢ A firmly empirical (kogemuslik) discipline †¢ Describes and maps translations †¢ Proposes hypotheses as why the translations are like they are †¢ Avoids being prescriptive The aim of DTS is to acquire insight into the nature and function of translation as a cultural and historical phenomenon DTS leading figures: Gideon Toury, Andre Lefevere Early translation theory Cicero – senise-for-sense. Synthesized in Latin Greek philosophers. The founder of Western translation theory. The 1st to comment on the process of translation. Translation serves as the study and imitation of rhetorical models. Free translation that is focused on the meaning. Horace model – target orientation. Aesthetically pleasing and creative translation. Art of Poetry. Quintilian – remarks on translations are v much in the Ciceroian tradition. Makes a difference between: metaphrasis – replacing a single word with a single word; paraphrasis – replacing a phrase with a phrase. Jerome model – translation Bible – latin „Vulgateâ€Å" (405. y). Translated sense-for-sense, rather that word-for-word. German Romanticism: individual author’s vision. Author is a creator. Shlegel: all writings in act of translation: Schleiermacher: translator could take the reader along and make him walk with the author or in the other way around.. Word-for-word translation onorthodox view of translation. †¢ Herder, Goethe, Humbolt, the Shlegel brothers, Shleiermacher †¢ translations of Homeric epics, the Greek tragedies and Shakespeare †¢ Emergence of the German tradition as opposed to the French †¢ strive for an independent literary culture Goethe: 3 stages of translation: 1) aquainted us the foreign language in his own terms (Luther Kings’s Bible) 2) French tradition – use of its own criteria, own rules. 3) The same idendity between source and target language. Eugene Nida. Formal equivalence – attention to the transfer of message, both form and content Dynamic / functional equivalence – seeks the closest natural equivalence for the source language message Principles: 1. making sense 2. conveying the spirit and manner of the original 3. having a natural and easy form of expression 4. producing a similar response †¢ 1. give a complete transcript of the ideas of the original work. †¢ 2. reproduce the style and manner of writing of the original. †¢ 3. have all the ease of the original composition. Nida’s equivalent effect criticized: †¢ too concerned with the word level †¢ difficult or impossible to achieve †¢ overly theological Nida differentiates between: †¢ Linguistic meaning. the meaningful relationship between words, phrases and sentences. †¢ Referential meaning. â€Å"the words as symbols which refer to objects, events, abstracts, relations† Methods: hierarchical structuring, componential analysis, semantic structure analysis †¢ Emotive meaning Toury? s norm theory: Defines social norms. Preliminary norm: concerned with translation policy. The initial norm: expressed through operational norms which direct actual decisions made during the translating process. Corpus studies †¢ Corpus – compurerized collection of documents †¢ A token – each word as it occurs †¢ A type – each different word The type-token ratio is a text? s lexical density(tihedus) Postcolonialism: †¢ Resist domination †¢ Emphasis on the impact and significance of translation in a context of political, military, economic and cultural power differentials (vahe) †¢ Is characterizied by hybridity (ristandumine) and self-reflection. English theory Early English translation of the Bible: John Wycliffe – published Bible’s English version (late 14th c). Tried to translate the meaning, but preserve its form. William Tyndale – 1525 Bible’s German version (Greek) The King James Bible 1611 Bible’s English version Early translations of the Bible in English †¢ Wycliffe Bible 1380-1384 revised by John Purvey in 1408 . Published Bible English version. Trying to translate the meaning but preserve its form (w-for-w) †¢ William Tyndale 1525 (w-for-w) †¢ Bishops Bible 1568. †¢ The King James Bible the Authorized Version 1604 -1611 John Dryden on translation: 1) metaphrase – word-for-word; 2) paraphrase – sense-for-sense 3)imitation – absolute freedom. Tytler 18th c: 1) translation should give source language complete context. 2) style and manner should be similar. 3) reader should see it as fluid as original text. Essays on the translations, self-standing thoughts on translations, artistic activity = transl. Edward Fitzgerald: Rubaiyat of Omar Khayyam: Persian poetry, imperial attitude.  quatrain rhyme scheme: AABA Early theory and practice of translation in England: draws on two traditions: †¢ Classical Latin translation, from the Greek †¢ Early Christian Latin translation from the Scriptures, the Hebrew, Aramaic King Alfred (871-99) and his policy of translation. †¢ Augustine’s Soliloquies and Gregory’s Pastoral Care †¢ Gregory’s Dialogues †¢ Bede’s Ecclesiastical History of the English People Benedictine reform a revival of monasticism, ?lfric’s homilies a need to educate the uneducated.

Architecture Essays -- essays research papers

Influences of Spanish Architecture in Mexico Spanish expeditions conducted during the seventh and eighteenth century has brought a variety of architectural and artistic influences to the different indigenous regions of the New Americas. It is documented that â€Å"the Architecture of Mexico began with the Spanish conquest of the country.† (Mullen, 18) The architecture of Mexico has exhibited much richness and wealth, has displayed the political and religious conditions of the time, and has showed off the countries beauty and grace through different artistic devices, mainly through the ornamentation of buildings. The architecture that developed in Mexico during the military expeditions and colonization of Mexico has brought forth many different types of architecture to Mexico, three in particular, Franciscan, Mexican Baroque and Spanish Colonial Architecture. Historians have documented that the Franciscan, Mexican Baroque and Spanish Colonial Architecture found in Mexico is, â€Å"the transfer of architectural forms, ide as and traditions brought from Spain to the Americas by Spanish settlers† (Grizzard, 167). Historians believe that, â€Å"Spanish colonial architecture was a period of transition from the Spanish Gothic to Spanish Renaissance† (Mullen, 76)   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  When observing the architecture found in Mexico one has to wonder about how much influence the Spanish Colonialists had on this country. Much of the influence the Spanish Colonialists had on Mexican Architecture came from their conquests over the Native Indians of the Americas. Historically, Mexico has been a war-torn religiously, socially, economically, and political areas of the country. As the Spanish Conquerors dominated the Natives, their influence spread thoroughly throughout the Americas. The result was an aristocratic government where the natives were not given any chance of self-expression. Under these conditions, it was natural for the Architecture of the New Americas to have been brought from Spain. As it has been found throughout the history of the Americas that, â€Å"the church [has] worked in conjunction with the military to dominate the Native Indians.† (Behav, 306). Many of the buildings built by the church and the military have become monumental features of Mexico. The architecture that first pioneered its way through Mexico was the Franciscan order. Most of the buildings bui... ... order to the next has given Mexico much notable architecture that is highly praised. Mexican Architecture can be viewed as being one of the most remarkable types of architecture found throughout the world. Work Cited 1.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Grizzard, Mary. Spanish Colonial Art and Architecture of Mexico and the U.S Southwest. New York: University Press of America, 1986 2.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Mullen, Robert. Architecture and Its Sculpture in Vicegal Mexico. Austin: University of Texas Press, 1997. 3.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Aceland, James H. â€Å"Building and Land† Canadian Architecture. (July 1996) 63-68 4.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Brook, Jeff. â€Å"In Old Mexico.† House Beautiful. (October 2000) 70, 72, 76, 78, 113 5.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Behav, Richard. Colonial Architecture in Mexico. New York University Press, 1984 6.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Neumeyer, Alfred. â€Å"The Indian Contribution to Architectural decoration in Spanish Colonial America.† The Art Bulletin. (June 1948) 109-121 7.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Kilham, Walter H. â€Å"Impressions of colonial Architecture in Mexico.† Architectural Forum. (February 1921) 39-44, 85-90

IKEA Looks to Further Penetrate the U.S. Market

Given the SWOT analysis presented in the case, what are IKEA’s key competitive advantages? What strategic focus should the company take as it looks to further expand into the U. S. market? * IKEA’s low cost structure has been the very core of its success. It’s low-cost and high-quality strategy fits with the current state of the economy. Offering convenience factors within IKEA’s stores would fit well with IKEA’s low cost structure. It maintains its low-cost business model by creating a different furniture shopping experience. IKEA supplies customers with all possible materials needed to complete their shopping when they enter the store (that are, measuring tape, paper, pencils, catalogs, strollers, and shopping bags). Although IKEA is not set up as a traditional furniture store, the company does provide several added amenities. There is no denying that brand image is a key strength for IKEA. IKEA considers the environmental impact of every step in its business processes by making products that are environmentally conscientious and cost-effective. * To further expand into U. S. arket, IKEA must address two key issues. The first is the overwhelming individuality of U. S. consumers. Further expansion into the U. S. market will require IKEA to adapt its offerings and stores to local tastes. The second key issue is quality. Although American consumers are increasingly value-driven, they also demand quality products. Many Americans view self-assembled furniture as being lower in quality, and similar to the type s of furniture one might buy at Walmart or Target. 2. What factor is the biggest reason for IKEA’s growth and popularity: value or image? What can IKEA do to sustain growth after it loses some cache? * There is no denying that brand image is a key strength for IKEA. Even if they have not been in a store, most people around the globe recognize the blue and yellow logo as a symbolic representation of trendy, modern, and fashionable furniture which have been based on Swedish home-based clean and efficient service. * Diversification can be a good way that IKEA does to sustain growth after it loses some cache. Product innovation and market development such as IKEA’s expanding goal in U. S. market. It is a risky strategy but with careful selection of the right kind of businesses, considerable improvements in profitability can be experienced. To try and maintain growth, IKEA is considering diversification outside of the furniture market. 3. What strategic alternatives would you suggest IKEA employ to further penetrate the U. S. market? * Add more services to enhance customers’ experience, and implement a customer relationship management system to track current customers and communicate with them. Keep IKEA’s brand image and focus on correct placement of stores. Expand product lines to flank the budget line with a higher-priced line. Clever advertising and promotion. 4. Speculate on what will happen at IKEA stores as they are adapted to fit local tastes. Is the company’s trade-off of service for low cost sustainable in the long term? * IKEA’s management philosophy; â€Å"Our vision is to create a better everyday life for the many people. Our business idea is to offer a wide range of well-designed, functional, home furnishing products at prices so low that as many people as possible can afford them. and all its activities is founded on its mission of offering wide variety of functional furniture for the house, of a quality and at a price affordable by a majority of people. This mission shows IKEA’s competitive advantage, positioning strategy and marketing mix. Tailoring IKEA’s stores and product to local tastes will cause IKEA to change its mission, to lose its competitive advantage and to redesign its positioning strategy and marketing mix.

Precis Writing Essay

The English Composition paper of CE-2012 has really dented the confidence of the aspirants to a huge extent. Most of the aspirants who scored quite heavily in other papers were merely able to score less than 20 and even 10 in the English Precis And Composition paper.I was fortunate as well as tactical enough to accumulate 64 marks in the paper this paper. As per promised, I’m going to share my strategy for approaching each and every question one by one.Precis writing has been the most difficult and decisive question regarding the E.P.C. paper. This very question sets the tone for the rest of the paper and serves as a very good means for portraying what metal an aspirant is made up of.I have been lucky enough to have been taught by a school-teacher, Sir Kashif Rehman. Although he is a school teacher yet very tactical in his approach. I adopted his strategy while approaching the E.P.C. paper. Hence, I am going to share the way he taught me how to attempt the precis. I am going to give a comprehensive method of approaching this very question step-by-step. STEP 1: READING THE PARAGRAPH ( 10 – 15 MINUTES ) Read very carefully, not once but twice. After first reading, try to establish as much understanding of the text as possible. Highlight or underline the main ideas, arguments, or themes presented by the author. Second reading will help you understand the paragraphing of the given text and work out how much value or proportion has been given to each of the main arguments, themes or ideas. STEP 2: POINTS FOR THE PRECIS Write down the main arguments, themes, or ideas in the form of points in complete sentences using your own words. The sequence of ideas or points should be the same as was given in the original passage Try not to include any excessive detail, explanation, description or verbosity. Examples had better be avoided if they are not critical to the composition of the passage Don’t be worried about the number of words at this stage Write openly Try not to exclude any vital argument, theme, or idea STEP 3: ROUGH DRAFT Write points in the form of continuous paragraph taking good care of coherence, fluency by using devices such as sentence-connectors or adverb-connectors. Count the words in the given passage And then count the words of the rough draft Rough draft should be one-third of the given passage It may be maximum 10 words more tha the required number If your rough draft exceeds rquired words-count, edit it by using devices such as one-word substitution, by sharing subject or verb, by using clauses and phrases Bring your rough draft to the required limit STEP 4: NEAT DRAFT Now write down the neat draft f the rough draft Replacements and coherence should be taken good care of HOW TO CONCLUDE†¦. 1. Words in the given passage = 600 2. Required words = 200 3. Words in the precis = 206 P.S. All this work MUST be done on the neat portion of the answer-sheet so that the examiner realizes that you have followed the proper pattern

Free Essays on Inferno & Canterbury Tales

The openings to both Dante’s Inferno and Chaucer’s Canterbury Tales trace religious journeys; Dante’s narrator explores the afterlife while Chaucer’s characters begin a traditional pilgrimage from London to Canterbury. Both journeys occur during spring, a time of year often associated with growth and rejuvenation. Chaucer begins by describing the season; he writes, â€Å"Whatn that April with his showres soote/The drought of March hath perced to the roote/ And bathed every vein in swich licour†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (lines 1-3). Dante’s narrator hints at the setting when he says â€Å"†¦so I was encouraged to face with better hope the beast†¦by the time of day, the sweetness of the season.† (lines 41-44). Despite these common elements, the journeys have different natures, giving each story a distinct tone; one seems eerie and haphazard while the other is light and straight forward. Unlike Chaucer’s pilgrims, who are equipped with a schedule and established path, Inferno starts with chaos and uncertainty. The narrator describes himself â€Å"astray in a dark wood where the straight road had been lost sight of. How hard it is to say what it was like in the thick of thickets, in a wood so dense and gnarled the very thought of it renews my panic.† (lines 2-6). This physical description of the path and forest parallels his fear. Virgil’s offer to show him â€Å"an eternal place where you will†¦see those long-lost spirits in torment† followed by those â€Å"among the blessed,† provides the narrator with direction and he quickly accepts. Accepting this offer forces the narrator to surrender control of his own future. Like the narrator of Inferno, the pilgrims in Canterbury Tales are also followers; others have already completed the journey they are about to commence. Although one trip is planned and the other quite unexpected, the shared component of trusting a prescribed path reflects the basis of religion, which requires its follow... Free Essays on Inferno & Canterbury Tales Free Essays on Inferno & Canterbury Tales The openings to both Dante’s Inferno and Chaucer’s Canterbury Tales trace religious journeys; Dante’s narrator explores the afterlife while Chaucer’s characters begin a traditional pilgrimage from London to Canterbury. Both journeys occur during spring, a time of year often associated with growth and rejuvenation. Chaucer begins by describing the season; he writes, â€Å"Whatn that April with his showres soote/The drought of March hath perced to the roote/ And bathed every vein in swich licour†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (lines 1-3). Dante’s narrator hints at the setting when he says â€Å"†¦so I was encouraged to face with better hope the beast†¦by the time of day, the sweetness of the season.† (lines 41-44). Despite these common elements, the journeys have different natures, giving each story a distinct tone; one seems eerie and haphazard while the other is light and straight forward. Unlike Chaucer’s pilgrims, who are equipped with a schedule and established path, Inferno starts with chaos and uncertainty. The narrator describes himself â€Å"astray in a dark wood where the straight road had been lost sight of. How hard it is to say what it was like in the thick of thickets, in a wood so dense and gnarled the very thought of it renews my panic.† (lines 2-6). This physical description of the path and forest parallels his fear. Virgil’s offer to show him â€Å"an eternal place where you will†¦see those long-lost spirits in torment† followed by those â€Å"among the blessed,† provides the narrator with direction and he quickly accepts. Accepting this offer forces the narrator to surrender control of his own future. Like the narrator of Inferno, the pilgrims in Canterbury Tales are also followers; others have already completed the journey they are about to commence. Although one trip is planned and the other quite unexpected, the shared component of trusting a prescribed path reflects the basis of religion, which requires its follow...

Changes in Art History with Emphasis on the Mid-Twentieth Century Essay

Art during the mid-twentieth century contained some of the most important changes art history. These explosive times were counter-balanced with explosive popular culture. More historical events, abrupt changes, and turbulence occurred from the end of World War II until the height of the Vietnam War than in any time period. Before this time, styles of art had lasted generations. In the 1960’s numerous important art movements were happening at the same time. There were variations on variations, movements inside of other movements. Therefore, because of the amount of independent and integrated pieces of movements and styles, a lot can be missed in a short paper. The amount that happened in these twenty-five years is enough to fill volumes, and so, this is just a brief scraping off the top of what during these times—the most tumultuous times in American History. INTRODUCTION: The 1940’s through the 1960’s were not only some of the most socially and politically volatile times in American History, but were the catalyst for the numerous changes in which occurred in American Popular culture during these and following years. Instead of experiencing the trauma which resulted after World War I’s end, post-World War II United States returned fairly easily back to everyday life. Although there were some problems converting from a wartime to a peacetime economy in the late 1940’s, Americans took on the task and entered the 1950’s on a very auspicious high note. During the time period after World War II, the United States experienced many changes. Technology was abundant and the rate at which new inventions, industries and technologies came about was at a rate never seen before. From a television in every home to the first computers and ultimately space flight, these two decades after World War II were crowded with advancements. S ome of the most dramatic changes came in the field of art. What was once a single, slow road of popular culture advancement branched off into thousands of smaller, faster changing roads. Some of these â€Å"roads†, which can be seen as changing styles, or movements, in art, whipped Americans through a roller coaster of change in what they saw around them. The End of World War II: The major art movement taking place in the United States directly after World War II was ther in their concept. So as we start in a new millenium, we have to ask ourselves what will be the next great movement in art? Could there be anything again as influential as the times that existed here? Only time will tell. Bibliography: Cagle, Van M., Reconstructing Pop/Subculture: Art Rock and Andy Warhol, New York: Sage Publications, 1995 Yapp, Nick, Ed. The 1950s, Chicago: Konemann, 1998 Yapp, Nick, Ed. The 1960s, Chicago: Konemann, 1998 Reed, T.V., American Popular Culture. (online) Available: http://www.wsu.edu/~amerstu/pop/tvrguide.html, February 17, 2000 Seitz, William C., Art in the Age of Aquarius, 1955-1970, Washington, D.C.: Smithsonian Institution Press, 1992 Alloway, Lawrence. American Pop Art, New York: Macmillan Publishing Co., Inc., 1974 Dynamic Movements. (online) Available: Http://library.thinkquest.org/17142/dynamic-movements/ Jansen, H.W., The History of Art, New York: Harry N. Abrams Inc., 1997, p. 914-915 Warhol’s Reflection of the Social Times. (online) Available: Http://vc.lemoyne.edu/ant305/students/7_abarnett/page3.htm Marcel Duchamp. (online) Available: http://www.peak.org/~dadaist/English/Graphics/duchamp.html

The hockey stick controversy and the legitimacy of IPCC's research Paper

The hockey stick controversy and the legitimacy of IPCC's about the human impact on climate change - Research Paper Example The controversy also looks at the question of the sturdiness of the impost offered by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC). These arguments have been taken up by the fossil fuel industry and have been funded by lobby groups that attempt to cast doubt on climate science. The controversy became prominent in the 1990s when a group of scientists who used proxy indicators to indicate temperature records in the previous centuries found different reasons that caused global warming and argued them differently (Jolis, 2012). A group of scientists such as Michael E. Mann, Raymond S. Bradley, and Malcolm K. raised some of those controversies by using statistical analysis of an assortment of proxies to come up with the first quantifiable hemispheric-scale reconstruction presenting global configurations of annual surface temperature. The graph shows temperatures that dates back to 1400 whereby they shaded the areas to show emphasis of uncertainties whereby the two standard error l imits were larger than in earlier centuries. The above group of scientists published a paper in 1999 that traced back climatic changes for the previous 1000 years using extended graph that showed a descending tendency in proxy temperatures from a medieval warm period trailed by a 20th century escalation and a steep upsurge in measured temperatures since the 1950s. According to United Nations Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) and Third Assessment Report (TAR), the year 1998, was the warmest year in the northern hemisphere for the last 1000 years. The above organizations used the controversial hockey stick graphs to publicize the featured information. The information became a focus for dispute for the people who were contrasting to the strengthening scientific agreement that late 20th century warmness was unique. Some of the scientists who were opposed to these changes were Willie Soon and Sallie Baliunas. However, scientists later dismissed their publication as deeply flawed (McKitrick, 2010). I also disagree with the legitimacy of the previous research used by the United Nations Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) since their research shows less dramatic results if techniques that are more reliable had been used to analyze the data. Later researches have shown that an increase in greenhouse gases due to human activity is a prime cause global warming. However, arguments in favor for global warming were already accepted widely as a prime cause for increased temperatures in the world. Conclusions made from other scientists shows that making the world warmer undoubtedly is not determined by reconstructions of temperature aforementioned to direct records. Most error pieces fall inside the stated hockey stick pieces created by Mann and his team of scientists but can be collected to indicate the late temperatures. There are major doubts about the correctness of all previous temperature re-establishments, and these qualms have sometimes to be glossed over by scientists who presented the hockey stick as suggestion for global warming (Regalado, 2005). Michael E. Mann, Raymond S., Bradley, and Malcolm K., have remodeled northern hemisphere temperatures for the previous 2000 years to incorporate a wider set of proxies than what was accessible for the original study and updated measurements from the late years. I the new reconstruction, different methods am used as compared to the previous methods used in the original case. It shows

Chinas Economic Advantages Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Chinas Economic Advantages - Essay Example The Mongols promoted trade in China by offering security to caravan traders who were moving long distances for an exchange of goods and services. They guarded the path which cut from Asia to Russia hence ensuring the safety of caravans from robbers who instilled fear on the earlier traders. The Mongols were united under Yuan and were well organized both in war and in trade. Their emergence reshaped China, rising from a humble nation to one that caught the world’s attention with its commerce and highly advanced technology. Added to China’s advantage was the fact that it had a large population which provided labor and ready market for its produced goods. Its population offered a great advantage to traders who channeled their goods to China since there was a large market with willing buyers and willing sellers dealing in silk and other products. Slaves were in abundance for exchange. Another factor which boosted Chinese expansion of trade was the opening of the Silk Road. The Silk Road covered parts of the Middle East and extended to parts of Russia. The road was a convenient way through which traders could transport their goods to and from China to their destination. Another factor that made China thrive in trade is the kind of political peace it enjoyed under the Mongol’s Yuan dynasty. Being a dynasty with a strong political background, China enjoyed a peace and was free from external attack. The Mongols were an organized lot with a strong military base; a factor which had a direct impact on trade.... Added to China’s advantage was the fact that it had a large population which provided labor and ready market for its produced goods. Its population offered a great advantage to traders who channeled their goods to China since there was large market with willing buyers and willing sellers dealing in silk and other products. Slaves were in abundance for exchange. Another factor which boosted Chinese expansion of trade was the opening of the Silk Road. The Silk Road covered parts of the Middle East and extended to parts of Russia. The road was a convenient way through which traders could transport their goods to and from China to their destination. This was a boost to the growing influence of China as a hub of commerce in the world. Another factor that made China thrive in trade is the kind of political peace it enjoyed under the Mongol’s Yuan dynasty. Being a dynasty with strong political background, China enjoyed peace and was free from external attack. The Mongols were an organized lot with strong military base; a factor which had a direct impact on trade. China’s economic meltdown came as a result of a number of factors. It is important to look at such factors in relation to their effect not only in China but also in other countries that formed part of Eurasian trade. The most known cause for the decline in China’s economic strength is the emergence of the Black Death. It is believed that the plague commonly known as the Black Death began its spread from the Chinese Mongols, spreading all the way to other parts of Europe and many parts of the Middle East (Lin 19). The Black Death also known as the bubonic plague fuelled the collapse of Yuan dynasty. It is

Primary Goals of RCRA Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Primary Goals of RCRA - Essay Example Subtitle D focuses mainly on the state and the local government. This is because these two entities are charged with the responsibility of regulating planning and overseeing the implementation for solid wastes that are not harmful. This waste range from household garbage to nonhazardous industrial solid wastes. On the other hand, elimination of generated waste focuses on the hazardous wastes. According to this manual, it is this subtitle that came up with a federal program which ensured that hazardous wastes in the U.S were properly managed (U.S Environmental Protection Agency 1990) According to Luther, in the 1980, just a month before the hazardous waste regulation was passed, the RCRA was debated by the congress. Later on, a Representative Tom Bevill introduced an amendment to the solid Waste Disposal Act. This required that the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) bring to halt the obligation of the toxic waste regulatory constraints for fossil fuel combustion waste until collected data regarding potential dangers it posed on human health could be analyzed. The amendments passed in October 1980 excluded a number of wastes from subtitle C. She has it that, the wastes included refuse from the combustion of coal, solid wastes from the mining and dispensation of mineral resources and minerals, and cement dust. Luther further says that RCRA subtitle D manages wastes effectively and is opted for by many states and industrial organizations. States are able to regulate wastes easily (Luther 2010) In a nutshell, the RCRA oversaw the proper management of the environment in the U.S. It ensured that human health was not tampered with in any way. Organization of the Act into subtitles also ensured that generation of wastes was eliminated. Lastly, it ensured that wastes provided an important resource for the production of

The Success of the Bonifacio Global City

The Success of the Bonifacio Global City Bonifacio Global City is developed by Fort Bonifacio Development Corporation (FBDC), now managed by the powerhouse partnership of Ayala Land, Inc., Evergreen Holdings, Inc. (Campos Group) and the Bases Conversion Development Authority (BCDA). Ayala Land has a track record of creating and sustaining successful business districts and large-scale integrated communities, including the Makati Central Business District. The Campos Group has real estate expertise and financial muscle. It has various property developments in the Edsa-Central area as well as in Laguna. BCDA, with its continuous commitment to the whole area and being the original land owner, completes the successful partnership. Together, the partners lend FBDC the stability and wealth of experience in real estate development as seen in the success of the Bonifacio Global City. History Bonifacio Global City was once part of the 2,578-hectare property of Taguig that the United States Government acquired in 1902 when the Philippines was under the American Colonial Rule. The United States acquisition was turned into a military base and was named Fort McKinley after the 25th US President, William McKinley, who was responsible for the colonization of the Philippines. Fort McKinley became the headquarters of the 10,000 strong Philippine Scouts, which was the Philippine Division of the United States Army. In 1949, three years after the Philippines gained its political independence from the United States, Fort McKinley was turned over to the Philippine Government by virtue of the United States Embassy Note No. 0570. In 1957, Fort McKinley was made the permanent headquarters of the Philippine Army and was renamed Fort Bonifacio after the Father of the Philippine Revolution against Spain, Andres Bonifacio, who organized what is effectively the first Philippine Armed Forces and whose father, Santiago Bonifacio, was a native of Tipas, Taguig. In 1992, an approximately 240-hectare portion of Fort Bonifacio was turned over to the Bases Conversion Development Authority (BCDA). BCDA was created by virtue of Republic Act 7227, otherwise known as the Bases Conversion and Development Act of 1992, and signed into law by then President Corazon C. Aquino to facilitate the conversion of former US military bases and Metro Manila camps into productive civilian use. Three years later, Bonifacio Land Corporation, a consortium led by Metro Pacific, made a successful bid to become BCDAs partner in the development of the 240-hectare property, which was named Bonifacio Global City. The partnership was dubbed the Deal of the Century because Bonifacio Global City was sold at a staggering price of Php 333,283.88 per square meter, with proceeds amounting to Php 30.4 billion. BCDA and the Metro Pacific-led consortium subsequently created the Fort Bonifacio Development Corporation (FBDC) to oversee the master planning of Bonifacio Global City. FBDC was the largest corporation registered with the Securities and Exchange Commission in 1992, with a paid-up capital of Php 71.227 billion. The sale channeled Php 25.8 billion cash to government coffers and ballooned property values in the vicinity overnight. In 2003, Ayala Land, Inc. and Evergreen Holdings, Inc. of the Campos Group purchased a controlling stake in Bonifacio Land Corporation from Metro Pacific. As major partners in FBDC, the two companies, along with BCDA, now shape the vision of this premier business district into the home of passionate minds, where technology meets aesthetics. Ownership Structure The Fort Bonifacio Development Corporation (FBDC) is the main developer of Bonifacio Global City, a 240 hectare world-class business district at the heart of Taguig City. Backing the FBDC in pursuing the ambitious project are the Bases Conversion Development Authority and the formidable consortium of Ayala Land, Inc. (ALI) and Evergreen Holdings, Inc. of the Campos Group, who jointly completed the acquisition of a controlling interest of FBDC in 2003. The Ayala-Campos group brings to FBDC a wealth of real estate experience and aims to replicate the success of the development in the Makati Central Business District. ALI has a track record for creating and sustaining successful business districts and large-scale integrated communities while the Campos Group, through its real estate arm, Greenfield Development Corporation, has various property developments in the EDSA-Central Area and Laguna. Access and Location Bonifacio Global City is positioned to be a natural extension of Makati Central Business District because of its proximity to such. It is conveniently located in the forward-looking city of Taguig, between the business hubs of Makati and Ortigas Centers. It is directly linked to Manilas two major thoroughfares: EDSA and C-5 highways. It is also easily linked to other major business centers in the country and the world as it is located close to the Manila domestic and international airports. All roads lead to home it is accessible via seven access point: The Kalayaan Avenue from the North, the Kalayaan Flyover via EDSA and Makati, McKinley Road from the West, the three gates from C-5 Highway from the east, and via the Airport through Villamor Air Base from the south. Strategic Location Bonifacio Global City (BGC) is conveniently located in the progressive city of Taguig, between the business hubs of Makati and Ortigas Center. Because of its proximity to the Makati Central Business District, BGC is touted to be a natural extension of the Makati Central Business District. BGC is surrounded by the adjacent cities of Pasig to the Northeast across C5 Highway, Makati to the West and Northwest, and Pasay to the Southwest and Paraà ±aque to the South across South Super Highway. The city is directly linked to Manilas two main thoroughfares EDSA and C5 Highways and is accessible via seven access points: The Kalayaan Avenue from the North, the Kalayaan Flyover via EDSA and Makati McKinley Road from the West, the three gates from C5 Highway from the East, and via the airport through Villamor Airbase from the South. In addition, its proximity to the South Luzon Expressway brings the industrial zones of Muntinlupa, Canlubang, and Laguna makes it an ideal location. Residential subdivisions in Makati and Alabang are also within easy reach. Easy Airport Access Serving as Manilas gateway to the world, Bonifacio Global City (BGC) is easily linked to other major business centers in the country, as it is located close to the Manila domestic and international airports. However, despite its proximity to the airport, BGC does not directly lie under the airplane flight path and is not subject to heavy noise exposure. Superior Masterplan The new masterplan of the city center Bonifacio Global City (BGC) was designed by Ayala Land planners and top US-based consultants. The 240-hectare gross land area is composed of 88% mixed-use, with 34% devoted to open spaces. BGC is a dynamic and self-contained pedestrian-friendly city. A fine-grained network of pedestrian ways that connect to transit and parking are made available. The citys grid design provides ease in navigation and uncomplicated access to residential, commercial, and business centers. The 33 grid system provides efficient traffic and easily understandable circulation and access to individual properties and to public parking from all points of entry to BGC. Every area in BGC is designed to enhance the quality of life while providing a relaxed environment at the same time. Each piece of property in BGC is a prime lot that faces either a main thoroughfare or open greenery. Landscaped parks provide refreshing air while featuring world-renowned local art on display, bringing a sense of culture and style. Water pipes, communication cables, electricity lines, and LPG gas lines all remain underground to preserve the landscape and view. Zones Encouraging balance between work and life, the well-planned zoning masterplan of Bonifacio Global City (BGC) puts equal emphasis on business, commercial, civic, culture and family activities. Every area is designed to enhance the quality of life. With the ingenious re-design of the City Center, each piece of property in its four zones faces either a main thoroughfare or open greenery. A network of retail promenades, paseos and plazas will form an integral part in BGSs physical core. City That Works Technology meets aesthetics in Bonifacio Global City (BGC). BGC is an intelligent hub, where transportation, communication, estate services and security are delivered reliably and seamlessly, leaving residents and visitors alike to do what they do best. BGC boasts of a new masterplan that involves a major re-design of the amenities and features of its 36-hectare City Center to make it more efficient and attuned to a new standard of living. It is truly for the people on the cutting edge. Density-Controlled Development Protecting the value and attractiveness of Bonifacio Global City is the Design Standards and Guidelines (DSG) and Declaration of Covenants, Conditions and Restrictions (CCR). They are also used to standardize the developments within the city. Density is controlled to support a well-planned community and ensure that utilities are adequate to service the developments. The measure of density used is the Floor Area Ratio (FAR) (see illustration on the right). FARs range from 6 to 18. However, retail components are allowed only up to a maximum of FAR 3 for Mixed-Use lots, while buildings with residential components must have a minimum of FAR 4. Grid of Streets and Blocks Grid of streets and blocks that allow efficient circulation. 33 grid system provides efficient traffic and easily understandable circulation and access to individual properties and to public parking from all points of entry to BGC. Pedestrian Friendly A fine-grained network of pedestrian ways that connect to transit and parking, the pedestrian-friendly design is based on efficient and easily understandable circulation and access to individual properties and to public parking from all points of entry to Bonifacio Global City. Public Transport Managed by Bonifacio Transport Corporation, the multimodal public transport system connects Bonifacio Global City to the Metro Rail Transit and other commercial and business districts. With transit stops in strategic points around Bonifacio Global City, residents and visitors can never run out of places to go in BGC. Services and Utilities The vision and attention to detail with which Bonifacio Global City was developed is not only visible in its structures, but it also permeates into its high-quality services and utilities. Services Bonifacio Estate Services Corporation, under the supervision of Ayala Property Management Corporation, handles the estate services of Bonifacio Global City. Guards patrol the grounds 24 hours a day. Business owners and residents may call the Police / Security Assistance Center regarding any safety concern and get an immediate response. The Police / Security Assistance Center also apprehended more than 2,000 traffic violators, ensuring safety and order in the community since 2002. Quick response to medical emergencies and accidents are in place. The Bonifacio Global City Emergency Response Team (ERT) has responded to 228 emergency patients and three actual fire incidents in the area. To date, it has conducted seven emergency evacuation drills. A state-of-the-art ambulance is available for the quick transfer of patients needing hospital care. As proof of its competence in promoting safety in the community, the Bonifacio Global Citys ERT won 1strunner-up in the 2ndNational Vertical Fire Competition during the 16thIndustrial / Commercial Safety Competition held last March 11, 2006. And also in 2006, at the height of super typhoonMilenyo,the ERT was quick to respond in addressing the extensive damage brought about by the calamity. Fallen trees were re-rooted, traffic and streelights were repaired, roads were cleared of debris, and normal operations in Bonifacio Global City were resumed, all in a matter of two days. The ERT also lent assistance to nearby Barangay Forbes in clearing portions of McKinley Avenue. Other accomplishments of the BGCEA include: Repainting of 35km of street curbs Installation of traffic lights within BGC Construction of pedestrian lanes Repair and restoration of asphalted roads Planting of 89 Royal Palm Trees Landscaping upkeep and maintenance of the whole of BGC In-house nursery Utilities Water Drainage Residents and tenants of Bonifacio Global City enjoy uninterrupted water supply and consistent water pressure. Large water reservoirs assure strong water pressure 24 hours a day, 7 days a week. The water and sewage system is managed by Bonifacio Water Corporation. Because of its commitment to safe and efficient wastewater disposal, Bonifacio Water Corporation has fully integrated sewage collection, treatment and disposal facilities. An underground drainage detention structure is in place to prevent floods in Bonifacio Global City. The structure can hold 22 million liters of water and release it under controlled conditions. Cylindrical, heavy and bulky Liquefied Petroleum Gas (LPG) tanks have become a thing of the past in Bonifacio Global City. Residents no longer need to purchase these tanks as LPG is distributed in residential units through an underground piping system by Bonifacio Gas Corporation, which is managed by Pilipinas Shell. This system assures residents of a steady and constant supply of LPG, and residents consumption is metered. Not only is this more convenient, but it also eliminates the dangers of leaking regulators and tanks. This system assures residents of a steady and constant supply of LPG, and residents consumption is metered. Not only is this more convenient, but it also eliminates the dangers of leaking regulators and tanks. Some building owners in Bonifacio Global City have also started using LPG to power their air-conditioning systems, enabling them to save on their electricity bills. They are also now unaffected by power service interruptions and no longer have to make do with generators during power outages. Electric Power Electric power is supplied through underground lines. Meralco will construct power substations to ensure continuous supply in Bonifacio Global City. Residents need not worry about power interruptions, outages, or fluctuations, as the supply is meticulously monitored and maintained. Fiber Optic Cable Network The fiber optic cabling network supports a wide range of telephone, video and data applications. This enables residents and tenants to access information more efficiently and at better connection speeds. All cabling is done through underground infrastructure so there are no unsightly lines that contrast with the view. Bonifacio Global City Estate Association (BGCEA) To continue building a city that is at once a destination, an experience, and a way of life is the goal of the Bonifacio Global City Estate Association (BGCEA). These are the words of BGCEA President Vincent Y. Tan, and they sum up the passion with which BGCEA pursues its vision. Comprised of owners, lessees and occupants of property in Bonifacio Global City (BGC), BGCEA provides the proactive and dynamic leadership necessary for BGC to sustain development and achieve its goals. They ensure that what they do today redounds to the greater good of the community and its sustainability in the future, regardless of whatever challenges the future may bring. BGCEA continues to advocate environmental protection and awareness, as well as to promote camaraderie among residents and tenants. BGC seeks to enable investors to experience business and economic opportunities in a world-class setting. Through the leadership of BGCEA, it continues to establish itself as the premier modern business district, where efficiency, creativity, and quality are its hallmarks, and where passion finds a home. City with a Soul Few places can boast of both vision and passion. Bonifacio Global City is a place which exudes vision and inspiration to those who call it home. A sprawling cosmopolis of offices, residential, commercial and mixed-use projects, this city of the future fuses convenience with comfort, where individuals can blend fast-paced activities and easy lifestyles. Landscaping The landscaping of Bonifacio Global City is the product of careful planning and the latest technology. The latest technology and modern city planning bring five-star comforts and conveniences closer to home, proof that the future has indeed arrived here. Its contemporary high-rise office and residential buildings, new retail outlets, pedestrian-friendly roads and walkways speak of a dynamic, spirited lifestyle. Not wanting to build a typical concrete-and-steel real estate jungle, the Fort Bonifacio Development Corporation developed a cosmopolis with greenery, trees and parks, true to its vision of a space where people can enjoy both work and play. The open spaces and clean environs enable residents and tenants to go about their activities without worrying about pollution. The design concept is based on landscaped areas around which mixed-use neighborhoods will emerge, and everywhere one turns, the view of the city exudes vibrancy and life. Public Art Bonifacio Global City has a Public Art Program aimed to enhance its aesthetic quality and give it a distinct character and style. The Public Art Program is managed by Bonifacio Arts Foundation, Inc. (BAFI) and funded by all the lot buyers / owners in Bonifacio Global City. A drive through the city streets reveals prominently displayed art works, which are as varied as the passions of the artists who made them. http://www.fbdcorp.com/image.php?id=60type=2.1.jpg Ang Supremo,which is Ben-Hur G. Villanuevas tribute to Andres Bonifacio, immortalizes the working class heros struggle for the nations freedom. The three-meter tall brass and bronze statue is a silent testament to an inspiring historical figure for which the city is named. Other art pieces can be found at Bonifacio High Street. All five art pieces are interactive making Bonifacio High Street an exciting destination for everyone. http://www.fbdcorp.com/image.php?id=61type=2.1.jpg Balanghaiby Leo Gerardo Leonardo, with three paddles representing Luzon, Visayas and Mindanao, is a kinetic sculpture which moves with the wind. http://www.fbdcorp.com/image.php?id=62type=2.1.jpg The Treesby Reynato Paz Contreras is a canopy of three interlocking trees, a testament to Mother Earth herself. http://www.fbdcorp.com/image.php?id=63type=2.1.jpg Kasaysayan Bawat Orasby Juan Sajid de Leon Imao is a 16-meter brass and cement sculpture, which is also a sundial with seven paper like dolls representing the 7,100 islands of the Philippines. http://www.fbdcorp.com/image.php?id=64type=2.1.jpg Kasalikasan(a play onkasali ka sa kalikasan, or you are part of nature), is Jerry Araos respite to worn out city souls. Kasalikasan is a garden where one can commune with Nature, or to have small gatherings or private parties. For inquiries on the rental of Kasalikasan, please contact Marilou Velez at 818.3601 loc 3201. http://www.fbdcorp.com/image.php?id=65type=2.1.jpg Transformationby Architect Lor Calma is a breathtaking, grand sculpture of three stacked laminated glasses, 5 to 10 meters tall. At night, it is internally lit and set in cascading water from a fountain pool. http://www.fbdcorp.com/image.php?id=66type=2.1.jpg Pasasalamat, along Rizal Drive, is Ferdie Cacnios brass representation of two fishermens humble expression of gratitude to the Almighty for a bountiful harvest. http://www.fbdcorp.com/image.php?id=161type=2.1.jpg Specific Gravityby Reg Yuson is a suspended boulder fountain which orchestrates the connection between the audience as a mobile participant and their primordial affinity to gravity a seemingly weak though strong force which defines the visible world as we know it. http://www.fbdcorp.com/image.php?id=162type=2.1.jpg Hearsayby Reg Yuson is a pun on the Filipinos penchant for news heard from the grapevine. It is an installation of twisted pipes connected below the ground which can be used as a playful tool to communicate. http://www.fbdcorp.com/image.php?id=163type=2.1.jpg Bearable Lightnessby Reg Yuson and Ronald Achacoso is a collaborative artwork between painter Ronald Achacoso and sculptor Reg Yuson. It is a cantilevered structure with centrifugal patterns of elementary colors suggesting a state of perpetual lightness merging the properties of painting and sculpture that capriciously invite the audience to climb on top of the platform and interact with the structure to imbibe in sensations relating to the tensions between gravity and weightlessness, surface and depth. http://www.fbdcorp.com/image.php?id=164type=2.1.jpg Tinstaej #85 by Conrado Velasco is nicknamed wee beastie by the artist, derived from his on-going art series entitled Tinstaej (There Is No Such Thing As Endless Joy). The image resembles a silhouette of a teddy bear. http://www.fbdcorp.com/image.php?id=165type=2.1.jpg Presenceby Reg Yuson is an installation of 20 free-standing floor chimes. The idea is to nudge the individual chimes to produce sounds to invite good vibes that can fill up the park. Bonifacio Global Citys public arts program also includes art tours for residents and school children. In April 2002, the BAFI Dance Group was launched to fuse the creative efforts of performing artists, underprivileged children and members of the Taguig community. Bonifacio Global Citys public arts program truly nurtures the creative spirit. Here art is not treated as a separate entity, but rather as a way of life. For more information, please call the Bonifacio Art Foundation Inc. at 818-3601 loc. 3201 or 3202 and look for Ms. Marilou Velez. Community Facility In response to the need for a venue for various community gatherings, Bonifacio Global City Estate Association, Inc. (BGCEA) offers function rooms in the newly renovated Community Facility located at the Bonifacio South area. Association members can choose between air-conditioned and non-air-conditioned function rooms which can be rented at reasonable hourly rates. Directory of Locators Strategically located between Makati and Ortigas, Bonifacio Global City is an emerging business landscape which hosts many of the countrys top corporations and multinationals. It is a bustling, dynamic community where anything and everything one needs are just a few minutes away. Commercial The Fort is one of the favorite hang out places in Metro Manila, and home to some of the citys most popular night spots and fine dining restaurants. Celebrities and socialites frequentEmbassy, and upscale club and restaurant.Pier Oneoffers a more laid-back atmosphere where one can hang out with friends.Popular events such as product launches and concerts are held atNBC Tent. Those looking for a place to dine can indulge themselves inLe Souffle, Prince of Jaipur, Good Earth, Gourdos, and La Opera. The Stopover is Bonifacio Global Citys convenience hub. The shops here cater to the daily essentials of both city visitors and tenants. Fill your prescription at South Star Drug of refuel your car at Pilipinas Shell. Grab a burger and fries meal at Jollibee, a cup of joe at Starbucks coffee, or a bottle of wine at Ralphs Wines. The Fort Palm Springs Office, Forum.Fort, and Office Ko To are also located at Stopover. Other food chains include Pizza Hut, Chow King, Pancake House, Bacolod Chicken, Pho Bac, Reyes Barbecue, Gloria Jeans Coffee and Nacho Fast. BPI Family Bank and PSBank are also open for the banking needs. Those who are building their dream homes will delight in the extensive selections at MC Home Depot and Price Smart/SR, and families and barkadas will love the great buys at the bazaars of Market! Market, while car aficionados can check out the Car Plaza, as well as the showrooms of Mercedes Benz, Ford, and Honda. The business and leisure landscape here is truly diverse and extensive, and only Bonifacio Global City offers a balanced lifestyle where people can work and play with passion. BONIFACIO HIGH STREET Bonifacio High Street is a one of a kind promenade located in the City Center of Bonifacio Global City, whose anchor is its 40-meter wide and almost a kilometer long activity park. It starts with a sleek mix of unique and authentic restaurants and retail shops found at Serendra, then crosses to a twin boulevard of popular restaurants and rows of flagship stores of various brands, which stretches all the way to Third Avenue. Well-designed corporate office spaces are also found at the second floor of Bonifacio High Street, overlooking the open-air activity park below. Being the central point of the development transversing from east to west Bonifacio High Street is the heart and mind of Bonifacio Global City, allowing business and pleasure to converge in a truly refreshing and vibrant environment. Residential The various residential buildings in Bonifacio Global City are based on the concept of providing urban dwellers freedom of choices to fit different lifestyles. These buildings include Serendra, Bonifacio Ridge, Pacific Plaza, Essensa, Kensington, Blue Sapphire, Regent Parkway, Luxe Residences, South of Market, and Infinity, among others. A residence in Bonifacio Global City not only puts one in the center of a thriving business district, but also allows the enjoyment of first class facilities, convenience, and prestige. Offices Many top companies and multinationals call Bonifacio Global City home. HSBC Centre, Del Monte Philippines, HanjinPhil Headquarters, Steel Asia, GE Money, GE Philippines, Intel Philippines, Sony, and Community Innovations are just some of the citys corporate tenants. The Chancery of Singapore is also moving into Bonifacio Global City. Schools and Other Institutions International schools such as the Japanese School, British School, and International School Manila are located in Bonifacio Global City further enriching the citys multi-cultural community. The world-class 600-bed St. Lukes Medical Center is expected to serve the public by third quarter of 2009. FBDC Projects Fort Bonifacio Development Corporation (FBDC) continues to invigorate the landscape of Bonifacio Global City (BGC) with world-class projects. After completing various residential and office building projects such as the Bonifacio Technology Center, Bonifacio Ridge, and the HSBC Centre, FBDC will soon bring to Bonifacio Global City The Mind Museum. The Mind Museum, the first state-of-the-art interactive science museum in the country, is envisioned to be a venue where visitors will be fascinated with science. It is also slated to open by 2010. With these world-class developments and other future projects that will complement the current offerings of Bonifacio Global City, FBDC has truly made Bonifacio Global City a premier central business district and the home of passionate minds. Master Plan of Bonifacio Global City The Bonifacio Global City (BGC) is a cosmopolis of offices, residential areas, commercial blocks, and civic centers that look good on the asset sheet as they do on the land. With the ingenious re-design of the City Center, the entire BGC district takes on a dramatic increase in the land value. Each piece of property is designed to enhance the quality of life; envisioned to be appreciated and to appreciate for years to come. Fort BOnifacio 001.jpg The City Center 36 Hectares of prime property located at the heart of Bonifacio Global City 3.5 Hectares of the 36 hectares are dedicated to landscaped areas Along major roads, 32ndstreet on the north, 5thavenue on the west, 26thstreet on the south and 11thavenue on the east. Serves as a strong anchor within Bonifacio Global City with retail, office, civic and social activities Highlighted by the Bonifacio High Street, a 40-meter wide 1 kilometer length of pedestrian super highway stretching from east to west, with wide open parks, interactive artworks, specialty food outlets, and brand shops. E-Square Located along major roads: 32ndstreet and 5thAvenue Convenient Access to Makati via Kalayaan Fly-over Accredited by PEZA, allowing PEZA-registered companies to avail of tax incentives and other benefits With various developments already existing and ongoing Includes the 2.7 hectare Jose Y. Campos Park (formerly Crescent West Park), which provides open spaces and parking areas. Bonifacio South Located at the entrance of Bonifacio Global City from McKinley Road Along a major road, McKinley Parkway, with rear access from 21stdrive and 26thStreet Provides a relaxing view of Manila Golf Fairways and Forbes Park Subdivision Home to luxury residential towers, Essensa, Regent Parkway and South of Market, among others Easy access to the airport via Lawton Road Bonifacio Triangle Bonifacio Global Citys gateway to the north, with easy access to Makati and Ortigas Central Business Districts Close to high-end international schools and right across the Japanese School Along main roads: Kalayaan Avenue and University Parkway Lower density given lower FAR and surrounding low-rise institutions